Firearm.



W. E. RUSEBUSH.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE23, 1915.

Patented Oct. 10, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

www.

INVENTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'WALDO E. ROSEBUS-H, OF APPLETON, WISCONSIN.

FIBEABM.

To all whom er ,nay lancera:

Be it known that I, WALDO E. RosEBUsH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Appleton, in the county of Outagamie and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and Improved Firearm, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact descri tion.

T e inventionrelates to recoil operated, breech loading, automatic hand firearms, and its object is to provide a new and improved hand iirearm formed ofV comparatively few parts which can be readily assembled or disassembled and are not liable to get easily out of order, the firearm being arranged to provide simplicity of action, to prevent firing in case a cartridge is not properly seated in the breech of the barrel or a shell is not properly ejected.

In order to accomplish the desired result, use is made of a receiver carrying-the barrel and a frame having at its front end a detachable hinge connection with the receiver, and a fastening device engaging the receiver and frame at the rear ends to securely lock the parts together. Use is also made of a sear mounted to slide lengthwise and to swing up and down in the frame, the sear being controlled in its sliding movement by the trigger and hammer and in its rocking movement by the breech block.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings orming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of refer`ence indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a longitudinal central section of the hand firearm with the magazine and part of the handle shown in elevation; Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal central section of a portion of the firearm and with the.

magazine in elevation; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the breechblock; Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of the same on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a perspective view lof the device interposed between the breechblock and the sear to rock the latter; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the Sear; Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the magazine locking device; Fig. 8 is a sectional plan view of the same as applied; Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a portion of the receiver, the barrel, the frame and the means for locking the barrel in position in the receiver; Fig. 10 is a cross section of the same on the line 10-10 Specification of Letters Patent.

Vof Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the lower end of the magazine with part broken out; Fig. 12is a transverse section of the same; Fig. 13 is a cross section of the hand firearm on the line 13-13 of Fig. l; and Fig. 14 is a detail perspective view illustrating the detachable connection between the forward end of the frame and the forward end of the receiver, the parts being shown separate. 4

The barrel A of the hand firearm is mounted in a receiver B having depending sides B', B2 fitting over a frame C provided with a suitable handle D and a trigger guard E. The forward end of the frame C is provided 'with half round hinge lugs C fitting into correspondingly shaped notches Bs formed in the forward ends of the sides B', B2 of the receiver B so that the frame and the receiver are hingedly connected with each Patented Oct. 10, 1.916.

Application filed J' une 28, 1915. Serial No. 85,803.

the usual exit opening Bs for the discharge of an empty shell from the chamber B4, as hereinafter more -fully explained. In the breech block chamber B4 is mounted to slide longitudinally the breech block G in which is mounted to slide a firing pin Hv pressed rearwardly by a iring pin spring H held in the breech block G, as plainly indicated in the drawings. The rear end of the firing pin H projects beyond the rear end of the reech block G and is adapted to be engaged by a hammer I mounted to turn on a bushingF held on the frame C and through which passes the screw F previously mentioned and used for fasteningrthe frame C land the receiver B together.

ing locked in this position by a sear J mount-V sear J extends lengthwise in a slot C2 formed in the frame C and the bottom of this slot C2 is provided near the rear end with a rounded offset C3 forming the bearing for the bottom of the sear J to rock on, the said bearing also allowing a forward and backward sliding of the sear for engaging or releasing the hammer l, as hereinafter more vfully described. The forward end of the sear J is pressed on by a spring J carrying a pin YJ2 having a rounded end bearing against the Yforward half round Vwall of the Y slot C2 to allow a free rocking movement of the Sear in an up and down direction, it being understood that the spring J presses the Sear J in a rearward direction to engage the rear end thereof with the hammer l. The scar J is provided near its forward end with a shoulder J 3 adapted to be engaged by a forwardly projecting pin or lug K on the upper end of the trigger K fulcrumed on a pin K2 held transversely on the frame C. The fingerpiece K3 of the trigger projects into the opening of the guard E so as to be in convenient position for the operators finger for pressing the trigger whenever 'it is desired to move the searJ forward against the tension of the spring J to release the hammer for firing purposes.

ln order to impart a' rocking motion to the sear J, the following arrangement is made: The breech block G is provided with a forward extension in the form of two side bars G, G2 connected with each other at their forward ends by a cross bar G3 (see Fig. 3). The under sides of the side bars G', G2 are mounted to slide on the top.of the frame C and fit snugly between the sides B, B2 of the receiver B. (see Fig. 13). A spring L extends between the side bars G, G2 and bears with its rear end against a lug B depending from the receiver B and extending between the side bars G', G2, the lug B6 also forming a support between the receiver B and the 'frame C especially as the lug B rests on top of the frame C at this point. The forward end of the spring L abuts against the cross bar G3 to normally hold the breech block G in forward position, that is, with its forward end against the rim of the cartridge contained-in the breech of the barrel A at the time. The bottoms of the side bars G', G2 are provided with notches G5, G in transverse alinement and adapted to engage the upper ends of side arms N and N2 of a controlling piece N of U shape, as plainly indicated in Fig. 5. The bottom of the controlling piece N rests on the top of the forward portion of the sear J and when the breech block G moves rearward the notches G5, G6 pass 'out of engagement with the arms N', N2 and the bottoms of the side bars G', G2 now press the piece N downward and with it the sear J rocking on the bearing C3. When this takes place the shoulder J a moves out of the path of the lug K so that the pressing of the trigger does not affect the sear J. When the breech block G returns to forward position by the action of its HIVspring L then the notches G5, G8 move again iito register with the arms N, N2 thus allowing the sear to swing upward at its forward end owinglto the pressure of the hammer I on the rear end of the Sear J. The shoulder J 3 now again moves into the path of thepin K and when the trigger is now pressed the sear J is moved forward to release the hammer I which now by the force of its spring is caused to swing forward and in doing so it strikes the firing pin H to 'fire the cartridge. In case the breech block G for any reason is prevented from returning to its full forward position then the notches G5, G do not move into register with the arms N', N2 and consequently the sear J remains depressed at its forward end and therefore the trigger cannot move the sear forward to release the hammer I. It is understood that in case a shell becomes stuck in the receiver B after it has` been drawn out of the barrel, or a cartridge is not properly delivered in position for the breech block G to push it into the barrel, then a complete return movement of the breech block G is prevented and the Sear J cannot be actuated to release the hammer I and consequently accidents and injuries to the parts are prevented. The arms N, N2 fit into notches formed in the sides of the upper wall of the slot C2 of the frame C to properly guide the piece N in its up and down'movement.

ln order to permit of sliding the breech block G by hand in a rearward direction against the tension of the spring L, use is made of a push rod G7 secured to the cross bar G3 and extending with its inner end into the opening of the forward end of thecoil spring L to guide the same. The forward end of the push rod G7 extends through a bearing, half of which is formed by the forward portion of the receiver B and the other half formed by the forward end of the frame C. The outer end of the push rod G7 is provided with a knob or handle GS adapted to be taken hold of by the operator for imparting a rearward pushing motion to the rod G7 to slide the breech block G in a like direction against the tension of its spring L. Vhen the breech block G moves into this rearmost position the hammer I is cocked and the uppermost cartridge in the maga- Zine Q can pass linto the chamber B4 and into the path of the breech block for the latter to push the cartridge into the breech of the barrel A. The push rod G7 is also pushed rearward whenever it is desired to load the firearm by hand through the exit opening B5, which latter is uncovered on the forward and backward movement.

rearward movement of the breech block.

.Access is had tothe interior of the receiver Bv in the rear of the'barrel A by way of the uncovered opening B5 for removing-a stuck em ty shell or for other purposes.

n order to extract the shell use is made of an extractor O provided at its forward end with a hook O and having a rearwardly extending shank O2 fitting into a lengthwise opening formed in the breech block G to one side of the firing pin H (see Fig. et). TheV hook O projects slightly beyond vthe front face of the breech block G so as to engage the rim of the cartridge at the time the breech block G moves into closed position, and when the breech block G moves rearwardly then the hook O extracts the cartridge from the breech of the barrel A. The cartridge is ejected through the opening B5 by the use of an ejector P arranged opposite the hook O at the front end of the breech block G, and the ejector P is provided with a spring shank P attached at its rear end to a transverse pin P2 extending through the breech block G and the {i1-ing pin H and engaging with its terminal a notch O3 formed in the top of the shank O2 so as to hold the extractor O in position on the breech block G. The pin P2 has its middle portion P3 flattened and slidingly fitting into a slot H2 formed transversely in the firing pin H, to limit the rearward movement of the ring pinH and to guide the latter on the flattened portion P3 duringTikts e middle of the slot H2 is enlarged to form a passage H3 for the terminal of the pin P2 when assembling the parts. It will be noticed that by thisconstruction the ejector P cannot be removed unless the firing pin H is pushed forward until the passage H3 of the slot H2 is in register with the pin P2. lt will also be seen that the pin P2 is held against turning by the flattened portion P3 engaging the slot H2 and hence the ejector P is held in proper position and is free to iex for forcing the shell out through the opening B5 duringthe backward movement ofthe breech block G. It will also be noticed that the pin P2 forms a stop and a guide forv 'the tiring pin H and serves as a fastening device for holding the extractor O in position in the breech block G. The firing pin H, as shown'in the drawings, is of the rim fire type, that is, is provided with a shank H2 extending along a groove in the .under side of the breech block G and terminating at its forward end in a point H5 at the front face of the breech block G. Immediately in the rear of the point H5 is a downwardly extending hook H6 formed integrally on the shank I-I4 and adapted to engage the rim of the uppermost cartridge in the magazine Q during the recoil movement of the breech block G to slightly tilt this cartridge in an upward and forward direction so that on the return movement of the breech block G the latter freely moves the cartridge into the breech of the. barrel (see dotted lines in Fig. A lug C5 is formed on the frame C (see Fig. 2) and projects into the rear of the chamber B4 below the ejector P t jerk the empty shell free of the breech block G and against the ejector P at the time the breech block moves into rearmost position, thus allowing the ejector P to throw the empty cartridge shell out of the chamber B2 by way of the opening B5. strikes the rim of the cartridge, the firing pin H is cushioned against the spring H and moves forward the full length of the liring` pin slot H2 so that the blow against the rim of the cartridge by the hook H5 is greatly reduced and the efliciency of the lire-.

arm is thereby increased.

The magazine Q is of the usual construction and is slidably fitted in the handle D and its upper open end opens into the breech of the receiver B. In order to lock the magazine Q in position, use is made of a locking lever R (see Figs. 7 and A8) extending transversely in an opening C4 formed in the frame C. The lever R is'provided at one end with a point R forming the fulcrum for the lever and at the other end the lever is provided with a finger piece R2 extending at the outer face of the side B to be within convenient reach of the operators, finger. The lever R is provided intermediate -its ends with a lug R3 adapted to engage a recess or opening Q formed in the Wall of the magazine Q to lock the latter in position. A spring S is arranged in a bore C5 formed in the frame C and one end of this bore opens into the opening C4 to allow the rear end of the spring S to press on the lever R When the hook H v to hold the lug R3 thereof normally in engagement with the recess or opening Q. The other end of the spring S carries a pin S seated in a recess K5 formed in the trigger K to hold the latter normally in inactive position, as will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 1 and 2. Thus from the foregoing it will be seen that the spring S is utilized for pressing the trigger K and the lever R, and the spring S is securel held in place in the bore C5 of the frame The bottom Q2 of the magazine Q is provided on opposite sides With recesses Q3, intowhich fit longitudinally extending dents Q4 formed inwardly on the sides of the magazine Q to securely hold the bottom Q2 in place. The underside of the bottom Q2 is provided with a linger nail recess Q5 to permit of sliding the bottom Q2 in or out of position on the lower end of the magazine Q. The rear upper end of the magazine Q is provided at one side with an extension Qi adapted to abut against the lug C5, previously mentioned, to limit the upward movement of the ward y the breech block G on the lattersy forward movement.

In order to lock the barrel A in position in the receiver B use is made of lugs C7 formed on the forward end of the frame C and extending upwardly through openings B in the receiver B to engage the notches A formed in the exterior surface of the barrel A, as will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 9 andA 10. Thus when the frame C is in position in the receiver B the lugs C7 engage the notches A thus holding the barrel A against rearward movement in the receiver B.

The operation is as follows: When the several parts are in the position shown in Fig, l with the magazine Q filled with cartridges, one being in the breech of the barrel A (see Fig. 4), and-it is desired to fire, then the operator first moves the hammer I into cocked position and then presses the trigger K to move the sear J forward and thereby release the hammer I which by its spring I is caused to swing forward and strikes the firing pin H to fire the cartridge. lVhen this takes place the breech block G recoils and in doing so swings the hammer I back into cocked position and the extractor() pulls the empty shell out of the barrel and with the aid of the ejector P holds it againstJ the breech block G until the shell strikes the lug C so that the rim of the shell is released at the ejector P and the latter now forces the empty shell sidewise through the opening B5. The uppermost cartridge in the magazine now passes into the breech block chamber B4 and is tilted in an upward and forward direction by the hook H8 of the firing pin II, and this cartridge is pushed forward into the barrel A by the breech block G moved forward by the action of its spring L. On pressing the trigger K a second time the cocked hammer I is released and a second shot is fired and the above-described operation is repeated except that it is not necessary for the operator to cock the hammer I as this is done by the breech block G.v When the trigger K has been pulled to the rear and the arm discharged, it will be noted that, as the piece N forces down the sear J, the pin K of the trigger K passes over and above the sh'oulder J 3 and remains there holding down the sear J (even though the breech block resumes its normal position) until the scar J is released and springs back upward by the relieving of pressure against the fingerpiece K3 of the trigger. Therefore, the rament of the breech block G the Sear J is held depressed at its forward end so that the pressing of the trigger K does not move the scar J and the cocked hammer I is not released, and only when the breech block G has reached the end. of its full forward movement the notches G5, G engage the arms N', N2 of the piece N to allow the sear J to swing upward into position for engagement by the trigger K. rIhus if a shell or a cartridge should become stuck or the breech block G is for other reasons prevented from returning to full forward position, the operator is unable to release the hammer I and hence accidents and injuries are not liable to result.

When it is desired to load by hand, it is only necessary for the operator to push the rod G7 and consequently the breech block G rearward to uncover the opening B5 and to allow of'passing a cartridge through this opening into the breech block chamber BIl so that on a release of the push rod G7 the breech block G returns and pushes the cartridge into position in the breech of the barrel A.

In case it isdesired to takethe rearm apart, it is only necessary for the operator to remove the magazine Q; and the screw F and to then swing the frame C and receiver B apart. The breech block G and parts carried thereby can now be readily removed from the receiver B and access is had to the trigger K, hammer I and sear J mounted in the frame C.

Having thus described my invention, I clalm as new and desire to secure by Leters Patent:

1. In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, a hammer controlled by the breech block, a sear fulcrumed adjacent its rear end to rock up and down, a hammer spring pressing lthe hammer against the rear end of the Sear when the` hammer is cocked to press the rear end of the sear downward to hold the Sear in operative position, a trigger having a fixed lug for directly engaging the sear when in operative position to move the same to release the hammer, and a downwardly and rearwardly inclined spring engaging the'forward end of the sear and tending to depress said end to force the sear into inoperative position as soon as the hammer is released.

2. In a hand operated firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, a trigger, a hammer moved into cocked posinasceva tion during the recoil movement of the breech block, a sear mounted to slide lengthwise and to rock, a hammer spring for holding the hammer in engagement with the sear at its rear end to press the said end of the scar downward, and to hold the forward end of the sear elevated in operative position relative to the trigger, and a spring pressing on the sear at the forward end thereof to de- A press said end.

3. A hand firearm provided 'with a frame,

a hammer, a hammer spring, a trigger, and

a sear mounted to slide lengthwise on the frame, a rounded offset on. the frame forming a bearing on which the sear is mounted to rock up and down, the hammer spring tending to press the rear end of the sear downward when the hammer is in cocked position to hold the forward end of the sear up- 20 ward in operative position relative to the trigger,- and a downwardly and rearwardly inclined spring bearing on the forward end of the sear and tending to depress the said end.

4. A hand firearm provided with a frame having a downwardly and rearwardly inclined slot formed therein, the slot having a half round wall at its forward end, a sea;`

mounted to slide lengthwise in said slot and 80. to rock up and down on the frame, a spring for pressing the sear in a rearward and downward direction, the said spring engaging at its rear end a recess in the forward end of the Sear, and a pin carried in the forward .35 end of said spring and having a rounded end bearing against the said forward wall of the slot to allow a free rocking movement of the Sear in an up and down direction.

1 5. In a hand firearm, the combination of a .recoil operated breech block, a hammer 'adapted to be engaged by the said breech block to move the hammer into cocked position on the recoil of the breech block, a,

spring-pressed sear engaging the said ham- 45,mer to hold the latter in cocked position, a

trigger, and a connecting piece resting on sear being mounted'to slide and to rock, a

trigger adapted to engage the said sear, and a controlling piece resting on the forward end of the sear and having side arms engaged by the breech block to hold the sear in inoperative position during the movement of the breech block, the breech block having recesses for the side arms of the controllin plece to snap into at the time the breech bloc reaches normal position.

7. In a hand firearm, the combination with a recoil actuated breech block, a firing pin in the breech block, a hammer adapted to engage the firing pin, a hammer spring, a sear mounted to slide and to rock and adapted to engage the' said hammer, the hammer spring pressing the hammer against the rear end of the sear to hold the latter in raised position when the hammer is cocked, a trigger having a pin adapted to engage the said Sear to impart a sliding motion to the sear when the latter is in raised position, a spring 8s engaging the forward end of the sear and tending to depress the said end to move the sear into inoperative position relative to the trigger at the moment the hammer is released, said pin locking the sear when the latter is in depressed position and the trigger is held in pulled position after firing.

8. In a and firearm, the combination of a sear mounted to swing at its rear end, a breech block, a hammer, a hammer spring pressing the hammer against the rear end of the sear to hold the latter in raised position when the hammer is cocked, a trigger adapted to actuate the sear to impart a sliding movementthereto on pressing the trigger, a downwardly and rearwardly inclined spring pressing on the forward end of the Sear, and tending to depress the said end of the sear the moment the hammer spring pressure is released, the said trigger locking the sear in depressed position until the pressure on the trigger is released.

9. In a hand firearm, the combination of a .receiver carrying a barrel and a frame having at its front end half` round lugs the said receiver having correspondingly shaped notches into which the said lugs fit to form a detachable locking joint, and a fastening device engaging the receiver and frame at their rear ends to securely lock thel receiver and frame together.

l0. In a hand firearm, a recoil operated. breech block, a ring pin slidable in thel said breech block, an extractor having a shank fitting into the said breech block at one side, and an ejector arranged on the other side of the breech block and having a transversely extending pin engaging the said firing pin and the said extractor shank.

11. In a handl firearm, a recoil operated breech block, a firing pin slidable in the said breech block and having a slot, an extractor having a. shank itting into the said breech block at one side, the shank having a recess, and an ejector arranged on the other side of the breech block and having a transverse pin extending through the said breech block and the said slot and engaging the said shank recess.

12. In a hand rearm, a recoil operated 130 ica breech block, a firing pin slidable in the said breech block and having a slot, an extractor having a shank fitting into the said breech block at one side, the shank having a recess, and an ejector arranged on the other side of the breech block and having a transverse pin extending through the said breech block and the said slot and engaging the said shank recess, the portion of the pin within the slot being fiattened.

13. In a hand firearm, the combination of a receiver carrying a barrel and provided with depending sides, a frame on which the receiver is detacliably mounted, the sides of the receiver fitting over the sides of the frame and forming with the fiat top 'of the frame a longitudinal guideway, below the rear portion of the barrel, a breech block mounted to slide in the saidl receiver and having a solid forward end, the breech block having a forward extension fitting in the said guideway, and comprising side bars :onnected by a cross bar, the side bars fitting between the depending sides of the receiver and the bottoms of said side bars sliding on the top of the frame, a lug depending from the receiver between the said side bars and resting on the top of the frame, 1nd a spring extending between the side aars and bearing against the said lug and :he said cross bar.

6. In a hand firearm, the combination of i receiver carrying a barreland provided with depending sides, a frame on which the feceiver is detachably mounted, the sides of ihe receiver fitting over the sides of the said frame and forming with the top of the frame a longitudinal guideway below the .'ear portion of the barrel, a breech block nounted to slide in the said receiver and iaving a solid forward end, the breech block iaving a forward extension comprising side )ars connected at their forward ends by a :ross bar, the under faces of the side bars )eing flat and mounted to slide in said guideway on the top of the said frame, the said side bars fitting between the depending aides of the receiver, a lug depending from ',he receiver and extending between the side iars, the said lug resting on the top of the frame, a coil spring extending between the ;ide bars of the extension of the breech )lock and bearing with its rear end against versely in an opening formed in the frame, v

the lever being provided at one end with a point forming the fulcrum of the lever, and at the other end with a finger piece extending at the outer face of the frame at one side thereof, the lever having a lug intermediate its ends adapted to engage the saidv notch, and a spring held on the frame and pressing on the said lever to hold the lng in engagement with said recess.

16. In a hand firearm, a magazine, a recoil operated breech block, a firing pin carried in the breech block and provided at its forward end with a depending hook adapted to engage the rim of a cartridge in the magazine to tilt the same in a rearward and upward direction.

17. In a hand firearm, a magazine, a recoil operated breech block, a spring-pressed firing pin slidable in the said breech block and having a shank terminating at its forward end in a striking point, and a depending hook formed on the shank immediately in the rear of the said point and adapted to engage the rim of a cartridge in the magazine to tilt the same in a rearward and upward direction.

18. In a hand firearm, the combination of a magazine, a recoil operated breech block and a firing pin held on the breech block and provided with a hook adapted to engage the rim of the uppermost cartridge in the magazine to tilt the cartridge in a forward and upward direction.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IVALDO vE. ROSEBUSH.

Vitnesses ERIC D. LINDBERG, JUDsoN G. RosEBUsH. 

